Its direct ancestor is a form of Prakrit or Middle Indo-Aryan which descended from Sanskrit or Old Indo-Aryan. The modern Bengali literature was actually founded by Michael Madhusudan Datta (1834-1873) and Bankim Chandra Chatterjee (1838-1898).It was Madhusudan who first started writing in unrhymed verse and then combined it with the western influences which is evident in his Meghnadvadhkavya which has similarities with Milton's Paradise Lost.Bengali belongs to the easternmost branch, called Aryan or Indo-Iranian, of the Indo-European family of languages. The rebirth or revival of the Bengali literature actually took place in the nineteenth century. There was a close agreement and affinity in the poetry for worldly things rather than spiritual ones during the eighteenth century which towards the end saw two new forms of poetry namely the Kavi and the Panchali.
The romantic verse tale Sati Mayana was written by Daulat Kazi who was the first Bengali Arrakanese poet.
This was followed by the 16th century literary period which had more of narrative epic poems talking more about the local Goddesses like Chandi and Manasa.But however the later period of the 16th century has more of poetry with the combination of music and this was mainly because of the slight wave of the Vaishnavism.There were more of Muslim writers including Muslims of Arrakan during the 17th century who were into secular romantic verse tales. Some of the literary works belonging to the period of 15th century are Srikrishnavijaya by Maladhar Vasu, Srikrishnakirttan by Baru Chandidas, Chaitanyamangal or Chaitanya Bhagavat (1540), the biography of Saint Chaitanya, by Brindavan Das.One of the best which is considered to be as the classic during this period is Krittivas' Ramayan. The next generation belonging to the 15th century is more of religious oriented and its associated with narrative poetry class. Thus when it comes to the history of the Bengali language, it can be classified under three different eras.Old Bengali (950-1350), Middle Bengali (1350-1800) and Modern Bengali (1800 to the present day).The history belonging to the old Bengali has a very few collections of about forty-eight poems known as the charva songs. For more than two thousand years, Sanskrit was the most dominant literary language and it also became a common language used by people who normally speak other languages particularly among the learned or scholarly and the cultured people of India. Bengali language has its root from the Prakrit or Middle Indo-Aryan which in turn descended from Sanskrit or Old Indo-Aryan.
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